How Silicon Alleviates the Effect of Abiotic Stresses During Seed Germination: A Review

Rapid synchronized seed germination is desirable to ensure seedling establishment and improve crop yield. However, abiotic stresses from drought, salinity, heavy metals have a negative impact on germination. The application of silicon (Si) has emerged as promising approach for improving germination, especially under unfavorable conditions. the mechanisms Si action not been systematically studied in germinating seeds conditions stress. Considering potential importance sustainable agriculture, here we review recent findings how numerous species, including several important crops, respond treatment Exogenous multiple effects embryo viability, reserve mobilization, hormone/enzyme activity, membrane integrity, antioxidant metabolism, regulation gene expression